A Eurobarometer survey published December showed that 66 percent of Spanish people surveyed supported same-sex marriage and 43 percent supported same-sex couples' right to adopt EU-wide averages were 44 percent and 33 percent, respectively. Gay men from over countries were asked about how they feel about society's view on homosexuality, how do they experience the way they are treated by other people and how satisfied are they with their lives. Spain was ranked 13th with a GHI score of Buzzfeed conducted a poll in December across several countries on the acceptance of transgender individuals.
At the beginning of the 20th century, Spanish authors, like Jacinto Benavente , Pedro de Répide and Antonio de Hoyos y Vinent, had to choose between ignoring the subject of homosexuality or representing it negatively. Others, such as the authors of the Generation of '27 , took refuge in poetry. These poets were highly influenced by the great gay authors of the rest of Europe, such as Oscar Wilde , André Gide , mainly his Corydon , and Marcel Proust. In , Emilio García Gómez also published his Poemas arabigoandaluces , which included the pederastic poets of Al-Andalus. After the Civil War, with García Lorca assassinated and the majority of gay and bisexual poets in exile, gay culture retired anew to the cryptic poetry of Vicente Aleixandre , who never admitted his homosexuality publicly.
No lesbian authors in Spain publicly acknowledged their homosexuality until the s. Gloria Fuertes never wanted her sexual orientation to be public. The first lesbian author to be openly gay was Andrea Luca. Early representation of homosexuality in Spanish cinema was difficult due to censorship by the Franco regime. The first movie that shows any kind of homosexuality, very discreetly, was Diferente , a musical from , directed by Luis María Delgado. Up to , if homosexuals appeared at all, it was to ridicule them as the "funny effeminate faggot". During the Spanish transition to democracy , the first films appeared where homosexuality was not portrayed in a negative way.
In these films, authors experiment with different visions of gay men: the transvestite in Un hombre llamado Flor de Otoño , the manly and attractive gay man in Los placeres ocultos from Eloy de la Iglesia , the warring "queen" in Gay Club , etc. Homosexuality is the center of the plot, and homosexuals are shown as vulnerable, in inner turmoil and in dispute with society.
Beginning in , homosexuality loses primacy on the plot, in spite of still being fundamental. Almodóvar has often intertwined LGBT themes in his plots, and his films have turned him into one of the most renowned Spanish movie directors. There have not been as many Spanish films with a lesbian plot. The most renown may be the comedy A mi madre le gustan las mujeres , and the romantic drama Room in Rome Habitación en Roma During Franco's dictatorship, musicians seldom made any reference to homosexuality in their songs or in public speeches.
An exception was the copla singer Miguel de Molina, openly homosexual and against Franco. De Molina fled to Argentina after being brutally tortured and his shows prohibited. Some songs from Raphael , as "Qué sabe nadie" "What does anyone know" or "Digan lo que digan" "Whatever they say" , have frequently been interpreted in a gay light. During the transition to democracy , the duo Vainica Doble sung about the fight of a gay man against the prejudices of his own family in the song "El rey de la casa" "The king of the house".
It was not until the La Movida Madrileña that homosexuality became visible in Spanish music.
The duo Pedro Almodóvar and Fabio McNamara usually dressed as women during their concerts, where they sang provocative lyrics. Tino Casal never hid his homosexuality and became an icon for many gay people. Nevertheless, it would be the trio Alaska , Nacho Canut y Carlos Berlanga who would be identified from the beginning with the LGBT movement due to their constant references to homosexuality in their lyrics and their concerts.
At the end of the s, Mecano made a hit with the song " Mujer contra mujer " "Woman against woman" , clearly defending the love of two women. The song was a huge hit in France in where it reached No. The song was also a hit in Latin America and is one of the most remembered of the group. They later composed the song "Stereosexual" that talked about bisexuality. Tino Casal included in his album Histeria the very explicit song "Que digan misa".
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Indie pop has also treated homosexuality from different points of view, as the band Ellos in the song "Diferentes" "Different" , or L Kan in "Gayhetera" Gayhereto. The duo Astrud has been related to gay culture. Several openly gay politicians have served in public office in Spain.
One of the most prominent gay politicians is Jerónimo Saavedra , who served as President of the Canary Islands twice from to and again from to Saavedra came out as gay in He served as a member of the Senate until , and was Mayor of Las Palmas from to Zerolo was known for his LGBT activism and was one of the biggest promoters of the law extending the right to marriage to same-sex couples, leading many to label him a gay icon. Others include Javier Maroto , formerly serving as mayor of the Basque capital of Vitoria-Gasteiz from to and currently serving as senator.
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Maroto married his fiancé José Manuel Rodríguez in September The marriage ceremony was attended by Prime Minister Mariano Rajoy. Ada Colau , elected Mayor of Barcelona in , revealed her bisexuality in December Sports is traditionally a difficult area for LGBT visibility. Recently though, there have been professional sportswomen and sportsmen who have come out. In February , the right-wing party Vox vetoed a motion calling for an official stance against homophobia in sports.
The motion, supported by every other political party, required unanimity to be adopted. From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. Rights of lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender people in Spain. LGBT rights in Spain. See also: Homosexuality in ancient Rome. Main article: Same-sex marriage in Spain.
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Ban on discrimination based on sexual orientation and gender identity. Ban on discrimination based on sexual orientation only, either through federal or local law. LGBT portal Spain portal.
Archived from the original on 1 July Retrieved 15 March Archived from the original on 19 April Retrieved 14 April We order the statutes to arise, the laws to be armed with an avenging sword, that those infamous persons who are now, or who hereafter may be, guilty may be subjected to exquisite punishment. Antología bilingüe latín-castellano". Archived from the original on 9 July Retrieved 27 May Archived from the original on 4 March Retrieved 18 April Archived from the original on 1 March Homosexuality: A History. Londres: Fourth Estate.
Gleich und anders. Hamburgo: Murmann. It is not known if that love was physical, but their passion was reflected in the correspondence they kept. The letters from Ausonius, 43 years the senior of Paulinus, also show his sadness regarding their separation when the latter intensified his Christian life.
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LGBT rights in Spain
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